Objective we aimed to investigate the changes in thyroid hormones, lipid profile and anthropometric measures after programmed weight loss in Palestinian obese adult females Materials and methods This prospective study included 94 obese female (20–50 years old) as cases and 94 Non-obese of same age as controls for baseline comparisons. Obese female were assigned for low calorie diet (1200–1500 Kcal/day) in addition to a daily program of therapeutic exercise for six month. Parameters were measured, statistically analyzed and compared with control before and after study. Results baseline measurements showed significant differences between cases and control regarding BMI, TG, TC, LDL-C, TSH, T3 and T4. After six months of low calorie diet and exercise there was a significant decrease in BMI, TC, TG and LDL-C in cases as compared to their levels before the study (P ≤ 0.05). TSH was significantly increased, while, T3 and T4 were significantly decreased in the cases as compared to their levels before the study. Statistically significant correlations were reported between different parameters of the study. Conclusions Low calorie diet and moderate intensity therapeutic exercise significantly improved the deteriorated health indicators in the cases which justifies the necessity for introducing such low calorie diet coupled with moderate exercise